Safety Profile
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Interactions
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Evidence and Scientific Findings
Ingredient Overview
Mulberry leaf extract contains 1-deoxynojirimycin (DNJ), which inhibits carbohydrate digestion and lowers post-meal blood glucose. It is generally well tolerated. Its glucose-lowering effect can cause hypoglycaemia in combination with antidiabetic medications. GI side effects (bloating, gas) are common due to undigested carbohydrates in the colon. Monitor blood glucose carefully when combining with diabetes treatments.
Biological and Chemical Classification
- Scientific Name
- Morus alba
Mechanism of Action
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Pharmacokinetics
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Recommended Dosage
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
SETI — Scientific Evidence Transparency Index
Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or RCT)
- Main clinical benefit observed: Botanical
- Evidence consistency: High consistency across studies (100%)
- No significant safety signals identified in the reviewed literature.
The available scientific evidence for Mulberry Leaf Extract indicates notable safety signals that warrant caution. Use should be considered carefully and monitored, particularly in sensitive populations or alongside other medications.
Total SETI Score
High risk| Evidence quality | 10/40 |
| Evidence consistency | 20/20 |
| Safety signals | 0/20 |
| Study recency | 10/10 |
| Evidence transparency | 10/10 |
Evidence Summary
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or systematic review)
- 0 studies identified benefits or no safety concern (GREEN)
- 10 studies reported limited or advisory safety evidence (YELLOW)
Evidence Policy
Only peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in PubMed or comparable databases is included in this evaluation. Commercial websites, blogs, and marketing materials are excluded. All references include direct traceable links to source documents.
Last updated: 30 მარ 2026, 22:26
Evidence Distribution
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWEthnobotanical study of wild edible plants in Dabat District, Ethiopia. ↗Kegne T et al.. Ethnobotanical study of wild edible plants in Dabat District, Ethiopia.. Trop Med Health. 2026. PMID:41906185.PMID 41906185 ↗Journal Trop Med HealthYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41906185/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWIsolation and identification of neuroprotective compounds from Morus alba L. root bark against NMDA-induced retinal degeneration. ↗Le TT et al.. Isolation and identification of neuroprotective compounds from Morus alba L. root bark against NMDA-induced retinal degeneration.. Nat Prod Res. 2026. PMID:41903175.PMID 41903175 ↗Journal Nat Prod ResYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41903175/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWABT Promotes Adventitious Root Formation in Mulberry Cuttings by Coordinating Hormonal Homeostasis and Defense Priming. ↗Qin Z et al.. ABT Promotes Adventitious Root Formation in Mulberry Cuttings by Coordinating Hormonal Homeostasis and Defense Priming.. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2026. PMID:41899449.PMID 41899449 ↗Journal Curr Issues Mol BiolYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41899449/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWTherapeutic Effects of Psoralea corylifolia and Morus alba Aqueous Extracts on Tetrahymena pyriformis-Infected Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and Underlying Transcriptomic Mechanisms: Implications for… ↗Li S et al.. Therapeutic Effects of Psoralea corylifolia and Morus alba Aqueous Extracts on Tetrahymena pyriformis-Infected Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) and Underlying Transcriptomic Mechanisms: Implications for Ciliate Parasite Control.. Animals (Basel). 2026. PMID:41897955.PMID 41897955 ↗Journal Animals (Basel)Year 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41897955/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWSustainable Rabbit Production for the Caribbean: The Role of Multipurpose Trees and Forages as an Alternative Feedstuff. ↗Jones TS et al.. Sustainable Rabbit Production for the Caribbean: The Role of Multipurpose Trees and Forages as an Alternative Feedstuff.. Animals (Basel). 2026. PMID:41897926.PMID 41897926 ↗Journal Animals (Basel)Year 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41897926/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWMoracin D Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression Through B-Cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis, Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy. ↗Moqbel AQ et al.. Moracin D Inhibits Gastric Cancer Progression Through B-Cell Lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-Mediated Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis, Enhancing Chemotherapy Efficacy.. Biomolecules. 2026. PMID:41897364.PMID 41897364 ↗Journal BiomoleculesYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41897364/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWIntegrated whole-genome resequencing and mRNA-miRNA analysis reveals selection signals and regulatory networks of antipyretic effect variation in Morus alba var. multicaulis. ↗Wang L et al.. Integrated whole-genome resequencing and mRNA-miRNA analysis reveals selection signals and regulatory networks of antipyretic effect variation in Morus alba var. multicaulis.. BMC Biotechnol. 2026. PMID:41896834.PMID 41896834 ↗Journal BMC BiotechnolYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41896834/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWRamulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids attenuate diet-induced obesity by modulating adipose tissue metabolic programs. ↗Zhang R et al.. Ramulus Mori (Sangzhi) alkaloids attenuate diet-induced obesity by modulating adipose tissue metabolic programs.. Sci Rep. 2026. PMID:41896271.PMID 41896271 ↗Journal Sci RepYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41896271/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWInhibitory potential of Morus alba leaf extract and its phytoconstituent against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: An integrative in silico and in vitro analysis. ↗Malik A et al.. Inhibitory potential of Morus alba leaf extract and its phytoconstituent against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: An integrative in silico and in vitro analysis.. J Mol Graph Model. 2026. PMID:41875707.PMID 41875707 ↗Journal J Mol Graph ModelYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41875707/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWCorrigendum to: A Mixture of Morus alba and Angelica keiskei Leaf Extracts Improves Muscle Atrophy by Activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway and… ↗Hwangbo H et al.. Corrigendum to: A Mixture of Morus alba and Angelica keiskei Leaf Extracts Improves Muscle Atrophy by Activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway and Inhibiting FoxO3a In Vitro and In Vivo.. J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2026. PMID:41866745.PMID 41866745 ↗Journal J Microbiol BiotechnolYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866745/
Score Transparency
0 of 10 approved references (score saturates at 10). More peer-reviewed studies = stronger evidence base.
Method: Q = number of approved references ÷ 10 (capped at 1.0)
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies
Method: L = mean study-level weight across approved references. Level 1 (meta-analysis / systematic review) = 1.0; Level 2 (RCT) = 0.8; Level 3 (cohort/case-control) = 0.6; Level 4 (case report) = 0.4; Level 5 (animal / in-vitro) = 0.2.
Mixed or neutral — roughly equal benefit and risk signals
Method: D = (sum of risk-scored references − sum of benefit-scored references) ÷ total evidence score, then scaled from [−1, 1] to [0, 1]. 0.0 = pure benefit; 0.5 = neutral; 1.0 = pure risk.
One or more monitoring-level safety signals active
Method: S = 0.5 (neutral baseline) + sum of active signal severity deltas ÷ 10. Severity deltas: Critical = +2.0, High = +1.5, Moderate = +1.0, Low = +0.5. Capped at 1.0.
Final GIRI Score for Mulberry Leaf Extract. Risk level thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
Full methodology & data sources
The GIRI Score is computed entirely from structured data — no editorial scoring or subjective weighting is applied at any step.
- References: Only approved references are counted. Each reference is assigned an evidence level (L1–L5) and a direction (risk / neutral / benefit) by the reference manager or AI classifier.
- Safety Signals: Sourced from regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others) and pharmacovigilance databases. Only active signals count toward the score.
- Formula version: GIRI Score v3.7.0 — Q × L × D × S × 10.
- Limitations: The score reflects published evidence and recorded signals as of the last update date. It is not a clinical risk assessment and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Risk Level Classification
Based on available regulatory signals and scientific evidence, this ingredient presents a low safety concern under normal conditions of use.
0–3.0
3.0–5.5
5.5–7.5
7.5–10
The score pin shows exactly where this ingredient falls on the fixed risk scale.
What drove the Low classification for Mulberry Leaf Extract
A score of 2.5 places this ingredient in the Low band. Thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
0 approved references.
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies (Level 4–5).
Neutral or mixed — benefit and risk signals roughly balanced.
No active signals — S component is at neutral baseline (0.5), contributing no extra risk weight.
No major regulatory restrictions or advisories recorded across monitored jurisdictions (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others).
How are the Low / Moderate / High / Critical thresholds defined?
The four risk levels are fixed score bands. A score is assigned to exactly one level based on where it falls:
| Level | Score | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0.0 – 2.9 | Sparse or predominantly beneficial evidence. No active safety alerts. |
| MODERATE | 3.0 – 5.4 | Mixed signals — some risk alongside benefit. Caution at high doses or in sensitive groups. |
| HIGH | 5.5 – 7.4 | Multiple studies or regulatory alerts documenting adverse effects. Professional oversight recommended. |
| CRITICAL | 7.5 – 10 | Regulatory restrictions in one or more major jurisdictions. Serious documented harm. Avoid without specialist supervision. |
Thresholds are fixed constants (GIRI_Score_Utils::LEVEL_THRESHOLDS). They do not change per ingredient and are never subject to editorial adjustment.