Safety Profile
Known Safety Concerns
- Manganism — Parkinson-like neurotoxicity with chronic excess
- Brain preferentially accumulates manganese — CNS toxicity risk
- UL: 11 mg/day — exceeded in some high-dose supplement stacks
- Neurodevelopmental concerns in children with excess intake
Contraindications
- Manganism — Parkinson-like neurotoxicity with chronic excess
- Brain preferentially accumulates manganese — CNS toxicity risk
Interactions
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Evidence and Scientific Findings
Ingredient Overview
Manganese is an essential trace mineral required for antioxidant enzymes and bone development. Chronic excess causes manganism — a Parkinson-like neurological disorder with tremor, rigidity, and psychiatric symptoms. The brain accumulates manganese preferentially. The UL is 11 mg/day. Occupational inhalation toxicity (from welding fumes) is well documented. Excess in children is particularly concerning for neurodevelopmental effects.
Biological and Chemical Classification
- Scientific Name
- Manganese sulphate / Manganese bisglycinate
Mechanism of Action
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Pharmacokinetics
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Recommended Dosage
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
SETI — Scientific Evidence Transparency Index
Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or RCT)
- Main clinical benefit observed: Mineral
- Evidence consistency: High consistency across studies (100%)
- Manganism — Parkinson-like neurotoxicity with chronic excess
- Brain preferentially accumulates manganese — CNS toxicity risk
- UL: 11 mg/day — exceeded in some high-dose supplement stacks
- Neurodevelopmental concerns in children with excess intake
The available scientific evidence for Manganese indicates notable safety signals that warrant caution. Use should be considered carefully and monitored, particularly in sensitive populations or alongside other medications.
Total SETI Score
High risk| Evidence quality | 10/40 |
| Evidence consistency | 20/20 |
| Safety signals | 0/20 |
| Study recency | 10/10 |
| Evidence transparency | 10/10 |
Evidence Summary
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or systematic review)
- 0 studies identified benefits or no safety concern (GREEN)
- 10 studies reported limited or advisory safety evidence (YELLOW)
Evidence Policy
Only peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in PubMed or comparable databases is included in this evaluation. Commercial websites, blogs, and marketing materials are excluded. All references include direct traceable links to source documents.
Last updated: 23 მარ 2026, 15:13
Evidence Distribution
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWLeaf elemental composition of Cleome gynandra L. as influenced by giant kelp extract and kraal manure application. ↗Makhubalo N et al.. Leaf elemental composition of Cleome gynandra L. as influenced by giant kelp extract and kraal manure application.. Front Plant Sci. 2026. PMID:41868530.PMID 41868530 ↗Journal Front Plant SciYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41868530/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWStreptomyces rochei D74 improves tobacco growth and quality by regulating the rhizosphere microecological community. ↗Zhang L et al.. Streptomyces rochei D74 improves tobacco growth and quality by regulating the rhizosphere microecological community.. Front Plant Sci. 2026. PMID:41868516.PMID 41868516 ↗Journal Front Plant SciYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41868516/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWEfficient spin-orbit torque switching in a magnetic insulator via ultrathin Pt and light metal overlayers. ↗Fedel S et al.. Efficient spin-orbit torque switching in a magnetic insulator via ultrathin Pt and light metal overlayers.. Commun Phys. 2026. PMID:41868302.PMID 41868302 ↗Journal Commun PhysYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41868302/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWMetabolic pathways and chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): Insights into Enoyl-CoA hydratase domain-containing protein 3 (ECHDC3) as a potential therapeutic… ↗Zhao Y et al.. Metabolic pathways and chemotherapy resistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML): Insights into Enoyl-CoA hydratase domain-containing protein 3 (ECHDC3) as a potential therapeutic target.. Cancer Pathog Ther. 2026. PMID:41867887.PMID 41867887 ↗Journal Cancer Pathog TherYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41867887/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWPaper-Based Microfluidics Platform for Enhanced On-Site Electrochemical Detection of Manganese in Water. ↗Asein E et al.. Paper-Based Microfluidics Platform for Enhanced On-Site Electrochemical Detection of Manganese in Water.. ACS Omega. 2026. PMID:41867568.PMID 41867568 ↗Journal ACS OmegaYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41867568/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW[70]Fullerene-Fused Lactones: Regioselective Synthesis and Electrochemical Derivatization. ↗Qiu WJ et al.. [70]Fullerene-Fused Lactones: Regioselective Synthesis and Electrochemical Derivatization.. Org Lett. 2026. PMID:41867136.PMID 41867136 ↗Journal Org LettYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41867136/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWElectronic-Structure-Driven Regulation of Water Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics Revealed by Ultrafast IR Spectroscopy for Stable Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries. ↗He J et al.. Electronic-Structure-Driven Regulation of Water Hydrogen-Bond Dynamics Revealed by Ultrafast IR Spectroscopy for Stable Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries.. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2026. PMID:41867009.PMID 41867009 ↗Journal ACS Appl Mater InterfacesYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41867009/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWHybrid Mn(II)-Based Halides Gel Films for Fluorescence Lifetime-Based Temperature Sensing. ↗Chen H et al.. Hybrid Mn(II)-Based Halides Gel Films for Fluorescence Lifetime-Based Temperature Sensing.. Adv Mater. 2026. PMID:41866737.PMID 41866737 ↗Journal Adv MaterYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866737/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWRhizosphere microbiome dynamics and hormonal interactions regulating tiller development in sugarcane cultivars. ↗Lu Q et al.. Rhizosphere microbiome dynamics and hormonal interactions regulating tiller development in sugarcane cultivars.. Sci Rep. 2026. PMID:41866543.PMID 41866543 ↗Journal Sci RepYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41866543/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWHippocampal subfields volumes as biomarkers for early diagnosis of asymptomatic manganese overexposure. ↗Wu J et al.. Hippocampal subfields volumes as biomarkers for early diagnosis of asymptomatic manganese overexposure.. Neuroimage. 2026. PMID:41865917.PMID 41865917 ↗Journal NeuroimageYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41865917/
Score Transparency
0 of 10 approved references (score saturates at 10). More peer-reviewed studies = stronger evidence base.
Method: Q = number of approved references ÷ 10 (capped at 1.0)
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies
Method: L = mean study-level weight across approved references. Level 1 (meta-analysis / systematic review) = 1.0; Level 2 (RCT) = 0.8; Level 3 (cohort/case-control) = 0.6; Level 4 (case report) = 0.4; Level 5 (animal / in-vitro) = 0.2.
Mixed or neutral — roughly equal benefit and risk signals
Method: D = (sum of risk-scored references − sum of benefit-scored references) ÷ total evidence score, then scaled from [−1, 1] to [0, 1]. 0.0 = pure benefit; 0.5 = neutral; 1.0 = pure risk.
One or more monitoring-level safety signals active
Method: S = 0.5 (neutral baseline) + sum of active signal severity deltas ÷ 10. Severity deltas: Critical = +2.0, High = +1.5, Moderate = +1.0, Low = +0.5. Capped at 1.0.
Final GIRI Score for Manganese. Risk level thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
Full methodology & data sources
The GIRI Score is computed entirely from structured data — no editorial scoring or subjective weighting is applied at any step.
- References: Only approved references are counted. Each reference is assigned an evidence level (L1–L5) and a direction (risk / neutral / benefit) by the reference manager or AI classifier.
- Safety Signals: Sourced from regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others) and pharmacovigilance databases. Only active signals count toward the score.
- Formula version: GIRI Score v3.7.0 — Q × L × D × S × 10.
- Limitations: The score reflects published evidence and recorded signals as of the last update date. It is not a clinical risk assessment and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Risk Level Classification
Based on available regulatory signals and scientific evidence, this ingredient presents a moderate safety concern. Caution is advised, particularly at high doses or in sensitive populations.
0–3.0
3.0–5.5
5.5–7.5
7.5–10
The score pin shows exactly where this ingredient falls on the fixed risk scale.
What drove the Moderate classification for Manganese
A score of 4.0 places this ingredient in the Moderate band. Thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
0 approved references.
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies (Level 4–5).
Neutral or mixed — benefit and risk signals roughly balanced.
No active signals — S component is at neutral baseline (0.5), contributing no extra risk weight.
No major regulatory restrictions or advisories recorded across monitored jurisdictions (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others).
How are the Low / Moderate / High / Critical thresholds defined?
The four risk levels are fixed score bands. A score is assigned to exactly one level based on where it falls:
| Level | Score | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0.0 – 2.9 | Sparse or predominantly beneficial evidence. No active safety alerts. |
| MODERATE | 3.0 – 5.4 | Mixed signals — some risk alongside benefit. Caution at high doses or in sensitive groups. |
| HIGH | 5.5 – 7.4 | Multiple studies or regulatory alerts documenting adverse effects. Professional oversight recommended. |
| CRITICAL | 7.5 – 10 | Regulatory restrictions in one or more major jurisdictions. Serious documented harm. Avoid without specialist supervision. |
Thresholds are fixed constants (GIRI_Score_Utils::LEVEL_THRESHOLDS). They do not change per ingredient and are never subject to editorial adjustment.