Safety Profile
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Interactions
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Evidence and Scientific Findings
Ingredient Overview
Luteolin is a dietary flavonoid with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties. Excellent safety record at standard doses. Inhibits CYP1A2 and CYP2C8 — may interact with clozapine, caffeine, and paclitaxel. Mild estrogenic activity possible; caution in hormone-sensitive conditions.
Biological and Chemical Classification
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Mechanism of Action
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Pharmacokinetics
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Recommended Dosage
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
SETI — Scientific Evidence Transparency Index
Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or RCT)
- Main clinical benefit observed: Specialty
- Evidence consistency: High consistency across studies (100%)
- No significant safety signals identified in the reviewed literature.
The available scientific evidence for Luteolin indicates notable safety signals that warrant caution. Use should be considered carefully and monitored, particularly in sensitive populations or alongside other medications.
Total SETI Score
High risk| Evidence quality | 10/40 |
| Evidence consistency | 20/20 |
| Safety signals | 0/20 |
| Study recency | 10/10 |
| Evidence transparency | 10/10 |
Evidence Summary
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or systematic review)
- 0 studies identified benefits or no safety concern (GREEN)
- 10 studies reported limited or advisory safety evidence (YELLOW)
Evidence Policy
Only peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in PubMed or comparable databases is included in this evaluation. Commercial websites, blogs, and marketing materials are excluded. All references include direct traceable links to source documents.
Last updated: 06 აპრ 2026, 12:11
Evidence Distribution
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWLuteolin targets cell growth and differentiation genes in Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces: A molecular approach for antiparasitic therapy. ↗Al-Aredhi HS. Luteolin targets cell growth and differentiation genes in Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces: A molecular approach for antiparasitic therapy.. Vet Parasitol. 2026. PMID:41936231.PMID 41936231 ↗Journal Vet ParasitolYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41936231/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWLuteolin triggers autophagy-dependent ferroptosis via suppressing SLC40A1-related Fe(2+) efflux in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). ↗Li K et al.. Luteolin triggers autophagy-dependent ferroptosis via suppressing SLC40A1-related Fe(2+) efflux in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).. Eur J Pharmacol. 2026. PMID:41933872.PMID 41933872 ↗Journal Eur J PharmacolYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41933872/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWElucidating the binding mechanism of Caralluma tuberculata metabolites with type 2 diabetes targets through molecular docking and dynamics simulations. ↗Ali A et al.. Elucidating the binding mechanism of Caralluma tuberculata metabolites with type 2 diabetes targets through molecular docking and dynamics simulations.. PLoS One. 2026. PMID:41931554.PMID 41931554 ↗Journal PLoS OneYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41931554/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWStudy on material basis and network mechanism of the Guizhi Fuling pills in the treatment of endometriosis and endometrial polyps. ↗Cui L et al.. Study on material basis and network mechanism of the Guizhi Fuling pills in the treatment of endometriosis and endometrial polyps.. Medicine (Baltimore). 2026. PMID:41931331.PMID 41931331 ↗Journal Medicine (Baltimore)Year 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41931331/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWSalvia pratensis exhibits in vitro anti-cancer effects in triple-negative breast cancer through miR-34a-5p signaling. ↗Gervasoni C et al.. Salvia pratensis exhibits in vitro anti-cancer effects in triple-negative breast cancer through miR-34a-5p signaling.. Front Nutr. 2026. PMID:41929771.PMID 41929771 ↗Journal Front NutrYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41929771/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWFolliculi sennae Extract: A Multifunctional Approach to Alzheimer's and Diabetes. ↗Guney T et al.. Folliculi sennae Extract: A Multifunctional Approach to Alzheimer's and Diabetes.. J Oleo Sci. 2026. PMID:41922206.PMID 41922206 ↗Journal J Oleo SciYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41922206/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWChrysoeriol-Mediated Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease in Mice: Targeting Apoptosis, u03b1-Synuclein Accumulation, and Functional Recovery. ↗Ali M et al.. Chrysoeriol-Mediated Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease in Mice: Targeting Apoptosis, u03b1-Synuclein Accumulation, and Functional Recovery.. Yale J Biol Med. 2026. PMID:41918512.PMID 41918512 ↗Journal Yale J Biol MedYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41918512/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWLC/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling and Immunomodulatory Evaluation of Three Medicinal Plants With Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities. ↗Konika TA et al.. LC/MS-Based Phytochemical Profiling and Immunomodulatory Evaluation of Three Medicinal Plants With Anticancer and Antibacterial Activities.. Chem Biodivers. 2026. PMID:41918395.PMID 41918395 ↗Journal Chem BiodiversYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41918395/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWYin-Hua Li-Shi Formula Exerts Anti-Atopic Dermatitis Effects Through Luteolin Targeting AKT/MAPK-IL-6/IL-17 Axis. ↗Wang X et al.. Yin-Hua Li-Shi Formula Exerts Anti-Atopic Dermatitis Effects Through Luteolin Targeting AKT/MAPK-IL-6/IL-17 Axis.. J Inflamm Res. 2026. PMID:41913788.PMID 41913788 ↗Journal J Inflamm ResYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41913788/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWConductive ionic liquid hydrogel filled anti-inflammatory nerve conduit repairs peripheral nerve defect. ↗Song J et al.. Conductive ionic liquid hydrogel filled anti-inflammatory nerve conduit repairs peripheral nerve defect.. Mater Today Bio. 2026. PMID:41909229.PMID 41909229 ↗Journal Mater Today BioYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41909229/
Score Transparency
0 of 10 approved references (score saturates at 10). More peer-reviewed studies = stronger evidence base.
Method: Q = number of approved references ÷ 10 (capped at 1.0)
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies
Method: L = mean study-level weight across approved references. Level 1 (meta-analysis / systematic review) = 1.0; Level 2 (RCT) = 0.8; Level 3 (cohort/case-control) = 0.6; Level 4 (case report) = 0.4; Level 5 (animal / in-vitro) = 0.2.
Mixed or neutral — roughly equal benefit and risk signals
Method: D = (sum of risk-scored references − sum of benefit-scored references) ÷ total evidence score, then scaled from [−1, 1] to [0, 1]. 0.0 = pure benefit; 0.5 = neutral; 1.0 = pure risk.
One or more monitoring-level safety signals active
Method: S = 0.5 (neutral baseline) + sum of active signal severity deltas ÷ 10. Severity deltas: Critical = +2.0, High = +1.5, Moderate = +1.0, Low = +0.5. Capped at 1.0.
Final GIRI Score for Luteolin. Risk level thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
Full methodology & data sources
The GIRI Score is computed entirely from structured data — no editorial scoring or subjective weighting is applied at any step.
- References: Only approved references are counted. Each reference is assigned an evidence level (L1–L5) and a direction (risk / neutral / benefit) by the reference manager or AI classifier.
- Safety Signals: Sourced from regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others) and pharmacovigilance databases. Only active signals count toward the score.
- Formula version: GIRI Score v3.7.0 — Q × L × D × S × 10.
- Limitations: The score reflects published evidence and recorded signals as of the last update date. It is not a clinical risk assessment and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Risk Level Classification
Based on available regulatory signals and scientific evidence, this ingredient presents a low safety concern under normal conditions of use.
0–3.0
3.0–5.5
5.5–7.5
7.5–10
The score pin shows exactly where this ingredient falls on the fixed risk scale.
What drove the Low classification for Luteolin
A score of 2.0 places this ingredient in the Low band. Thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
0 approved references.
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies (Level 4–5).
Neutral or mixed — benefit and risk signals roughly balanced.
No active signals — S component is at neutral baseline (0.5), contributing no extra risk weight.
No major regulatory restrictions or advisories recorded across monitored jurisdictions (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others).
How are the Low / Moderate / High / Critical thresholds defined?
The four risk levels are fixed score bands. A score is assigned to exactly one level based on where it falls:
| Level | Score | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0.0 – 2.9 | Sparse or predominantly beneficial evidence. No active safety alerts. |
| MODERATE | 3.0 – 5.4 | Mixed signals — some risk alongside benefit. Caution at high doses or in sensitive groups. |
| HIGH | 5.5 – 7.4 | Multiple studies or regulatory alerts documenting adverse effects. Professional oversight recommended. |
| CRITICAL | 7.5 – 10 | Regulatory restrictions in one or more major jurisdictions. Serious documented harm. Avoid without specialist supervision. |
Thresholds are fixed constants (GIRI_Score_Utils::LEVEL_THRESHOLDS). They do not change per ingredient and are never subject to editorial adjustment.