Safety Profile
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Interactions
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Evidence and Scientific Findings
Ingredient Overview
Guggul resin extract is used in Ayurvedic medicine for cholesterol management. Evidence for efficacy is mixed. It significantly induces CYP3A4 and P-glycoprotein, reducing plasma levels of drugs including diltiazem, propranolol, and thyroid medications. It may cause GI side effects, skin rash, and thyroid dysfunction at high doses. Drug interactions are the main safety concern.
Biological and Chemical Classification
- Scientific Name
- Commiphora mukul
Mechanism of Action
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Pharmacokinetics
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Recommended Dosage
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
SETI — Scientific Evidence Transparency Index
Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or RCT)
- Main clinical benefit observed: Botanical
- Evidence consistency: High consistency across studies (100%)
- No significant safety signals identified in the reviewed literature.
The available scientific evidence for Guggul Extract indicates notable safety signals that warrant caution. Use should be considered carefully and monitored, particularly in sensitive populations or alongside other medications.
Total SETI Score
High risk| Evidence quality | 10/40 |
| Evidence consistency | 20/20 |
| Safety signals | 0/20 |
| Study recency | 10/10 |
| Evidence transparency | 10/10 |
Evidence Summary
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or systematic review)
- 0 studies identified benefits or no safety concern (GREEN)
- 10 studies reported limited or advisory safety evidence (YELLOW)
Evidence Policy
Only peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in PubMed or comparable databases is included in this evaluation. Commercial websites, blogs, and marketing materials are excluded. All references include direct traceable links to source documents.
Last updated: 26 მარ 2026, 14:21
Evidence Distribution
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWUnveiling Guggulipid: Bioactivity, Therapeutic Potential, Advanced Delivery Systems, and Future Prospects. ↗Sharma A et al.. Unveiling Guggulipid: Bioactivity, Therapeutic Potential, Advanced Delivery Systems, and Future Prospects.. Curr Pharm Des. 2026. PMID:41837597.PMID 41837597 ↗Journal Curr Pharm DesYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41837597/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWGuggulsterone attenuates UVB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocyte HaCaT cells via HO-1 induction. ↗Kim DU et al.. Guggulsterone attenuates UVB-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in keratinocyte HaCaT cells via HO-1 induction.. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026. PMID:41386100.PMID 41386100 ↗Journal Biochem Biophys Res CommunYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41386100/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWGuggulsterone, a Classical Lipid-Lowering Phytosteroidal FXR Antagonist, as a Modulator of Lipid Signaling and Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer. ↗Ganamurali N et al.. Guggulsterone, a Classical Lipid-Lowering Phytosteroidal FXR Antagonist, as a Modulator of Lipid Signaling and Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer.. Lipids. 2025. PMID:41326956.PMID 41326956 ↗Journal LipidsYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41326956/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWGLUT1 Bioactive Triterpenoids from Commiphora mukul Suppresses Glycolysis and Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells. ↗Zeb A et al.. GLUT1 Bioactive Triterpenoids from Commiphora mukul Suppresses Glycolysis and Induces Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells.. ACS Omega. 2025. PMID:41018605.PMID 41018605 ↗Journal ACS OmegaYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41018605/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWGuggulsterone as a dual-function steroidal scaffold: Cholesterol modulation and bioenhancement potential against 7-Ketocholesterol-Linked pathologies. ↗Sabarathinam S et al.. Guggulsterone as a dual-function steroidal scaffold: Cholesterol modulation and bioenhancement potential against 7-Ketocholesterol-Linked pathologies.. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2025. PMID:40902827.PMID 40902827 ↗Journal J Steroid Biochem Mol BiolYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40902827/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWTargeting 7-ketocholesterol-induced oxidative stress and inflammation: Guggulsterone as a novel vascular protectant. ↗Sabarathinam S et al.. Targeting 7-ketocholesterol-induced oxidative stress and inflammation: Guggulsterone as a novel vascular protectant.. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2025. PMID:40865573.PMID 40865573 ↗Journal J Steroid Biochem Mol BiolYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40865573/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWMyocardial-salvaging Effects of a Novel Polyherbal Combination with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitory Activity. ↗Tiwari DD et al.. Myocardial-salvaging Effects of a Novel Polyherbal Combination with Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitory Activity.. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2025. PMID:40745883.PMID 40745883 ↗Journal Niger Postgrad Med JYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40745883/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWBio-standardization and development of a unique polyherbal formulation with dipeptidyl peptidase -IV inhibitory activity for type 2 diabetes mellitus. ↗Mohanty IR et al.. Bio-standardization and development of a unique polyherbal formulation with dipeptidyl peptidase -IV inhibitory activity for type 2 diabetes mellitus.. Nat Prod Res. 2025. PMID:40022480.PMID 40022480 ↗Journal Nat Prod ResYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40022480/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWEvaluation of the add on effect of Majoone Sarkhas with levothyroxine in primary hypothyroidism: a randomized standard control adjuvant clinical study. ↗Alam MA et al.. Evaluation of the add on effect of Majoone Sarkhas with levothyroxine in primary hypothyroidism: a randomized standard control adjuvant clinical study.. Drug Metab Pers Ther. 2025. PMID:39976613.PMID 39976613 ↗Journal Drug Metab Pers TherYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39976613/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWThe Genus Commiphora: An Overview of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Quality Control. ↗Yang Y et al.. The Genus Commiphora: An Overview of Its Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Quality Control.. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2024. PMID:39598434.PMID 39598434 ↗Journal Pharmaceuticals (Basel)Year 2024Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39598434/
Score Transparency
0 of 10 approved references (score saturates at 10). More peer-reviewed studies = stronger evidence base.
Method: Q = number of approved references ÷ 10 (capped at 1.0)
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies
Method: L = mean study-level weight across approved references. Level 1 (meta-analysis / systematic review) = 1.0; Level 2 (RCT) = 0.8; Level 3 (cohort/case-control) = 0.6; Level 4 (case report) = 0.4; Level 5 (animal / in-vitro) = 0.2.
Mixed or neutral — roughly equal benefit and risk signals
Method: D = (sum of risk-scored references − sum of benefit-scored references) ÷ total evidence score, then scaled from [−1, 1] to [0, 1]. 0.0 = pure benefit; 0.5 = neutral; 1.0 = pure risk.
One or more monitoring-level safety signals active
Method: S = 0.5 (neutral baseline) + sum of active signal severity deltas ÷ 10. Severity deltas: Critical = +2.0, High = +1.5, Moderate = +1.0, Low = +0.5. Capped at 1.0.
Final GIRI Score for Guggul Extract. Risk level thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
Full methodology & data sources
The GIRI Score is computed entirely from structured data — no editorial scoring or subjective weighting is applied at any step.
- References: Only approved references are counted. Each reference is assigned an evidence level (L1–L5) and a direction (risk / neutral / benefit) by the reference manager or AI classifier.
- Safety Signals: Sourced from regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others) and pharmacovigilance databases. Only active signals count toward the score.
- Formula version: GIRI Score v3.7.0 — Q × L × D × S × 10.
- Limitations: The score reflects published evidence and recorded signals as of the last update date. It is not a clinical risk assessment and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Risk Level Classification
Based on available regulatory signals and scientific evidence, this ingredient presents a moderate safety concern. Caution is advised, particularly at high doses or in sensitive populations.
0–3.0
3.0–5.5
5.5–7.5
7.5–10
The score pin shows exactly where this ingredient falls on the fixed risk scale.
What drove the Moderate classification for Guggul Extract
A score of 4.5 places this ingredient in the Moderate band. Thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
0 approved references.
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies (Level 4–5).
Neutral or mixed — benefit and risk signals roughly balanced.
No active signals — S component is at neutral baseline (0.5), contributing no extra risk weight.
No major regulatory restrictions or advisories recorded across monitored jurisdictions (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others).
How are the Low / Moderate / High / Critical thresholds defined?
The four risk levels are fixed score bands. A score is assigned to exactly one level based on where it falls:
| Level | Score | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0.0 – 2.9 | Sparse or predominantly beneficial evidence. No active safety alerts. |
| MODERATE | 3.0 – 5.4 | Mixed signals — some risk alongside benefit. Caution at high doses or in sensitive groups. |
| HIGH | 5.5 – 7.4 | Multiple studies or regulatory alerts documenting adverse effects. Professional oversight recommended. |
| CRITICAL | 7.5 – 10 | Regulatory restrictions in one or more major jurisdictions. Serious documented harm. Avoid without specialist supervision. |
Thresholds are fixed constants (GIRI_Score_Utils::LEVEL_THRESHOLDS). They do not change per ingredient and are never subject to editorial adjustment.