Global Ingredient Risk Index Excipient

Glucose

D-Glucose (dextrose monohydrate)

Also known as: glucose, dextrose, blood sugar, D-glucose

24 მარ 2026

LOW RISK 2.5/10 How?

This ingredient is classified as unclassified risk (GIRI score: 2.5/10).

Known Safety Concerns

Raises blood glucose -- relevant for diabetics
Contributes to dental caries in gummy products
Adds to overall sugar/calorie intake
Check total carbohydrate content if managing blood sugar

Contraindications

Raises blood glucose -- relevant for diabetics
Contributes to dental caries in gummy products

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Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.

Glucose is a simple sugar used as a binder, filler and rapid energy source in supplements and gummies. At supplement quantities it contributes to total glycaemic load. Diabetics and those monitoring blood sugar should account for glucose content in supplement labels. High doses contribute to dental caries.

Scientific Name: D-Glucose (dextrose monohydrate)

Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.

SETI Score 50/100

Risk Level High risk

Scientific Confidence Low

Evidence Strength Limited

Key Benefit Excipient

Key Safety Concern Raises blood glucose -- relevant for diabetics

Evidence Reviewed 10 PubMed studies

Scientific Confidence Low

Based on study quality, consistency, and recency

Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment

SETI Score 50/100

Risk Level High risk

Evidence Strength Limited

Main Benefit Excipient

Main Safety Concern Raises blood glucose -- relevant for diabetics

Ingredient Glucose

Scientific name D-Glucose (dextrose monohydrate)

Scientific Evidence Overview

10 studies reviewed
0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or RCT)
Main clinical benefit observed: Excipient
Evidence consistency: High consistency across studies (100%)

Safety Signals

Raises blood glucose -- relevant for diabetics
Contributes to dental caries in gummy products
Adds to overall sugar/calorie intake
Check total carbohydrate content if managing blood sugar

Evidence Strength Limited

Final Scientific Assessment

The available scientific evidence for Glucose indicates notable safety signals that warrant caution. Use should be considered carefully and monitored, particularly in sensitive populations or alongside other medications.

Ingredient Glucose

Evidence reviewed 10 peer-reviewed studies (last 10 years)

Scientific name D-Glucose (dextrose monohydrate)

50 /100

Total SETI Score

High risk

Evidence quality	10/40
Evidence consistency	20/20
Safety signals	0/20
Study recency	10/10
Evidence transparency	10/10

Evidence Summary

10 studies reviewed
0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or systematic review)
0 studies identified benefits or no safety concern (GREEN)
10 studies reported limited or advisory safety evidence (YELLOW)

Evidence Policy

Only peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in PubMed or comparable databases is included in this evaluation. Commercial websites, blogs, and marketing materials are excluded. All references include direct traceable links to source documents.

Last updated: 24 მარ 2026, 11:05

Evidence Distribution

10 Other / unclassified

Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Impaired glucose tolerance and fatty liver as predictive factors for biologic switching in patients with psoriatic arthritis. ↗

PMID 41872089 ↗

Journal Eur J Dermatol

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41872089/

Go K et al.. Impaired glucose tolerance and fatty liver as predictive factors for biologic switching in patients with psoriatic arthritis.. Eur J Dermatol. 2026. PMID:41872089.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Novel mechanisms of dietary folic acid in improving hepatopancreas health of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus): the perspectives of autophagy and DNA methylation. ↗

PMID 41871815 ↗

Journal J Nutr Biochem

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871815/

Wang Y et al.. Novel mechanisms of dietary folic acid in improving hepatopancreas health of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus): the perspectives of autophagy and DNA methylation.. J Nutr Biochem. 2026. PMID:41871815.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Inhibition of voltage-dependent anion channel 1 aggregation protects pancreatic beta-cell mitochondria from glucose toxicity. ↗

PMID 41871761 ↗

Journal Int J Biol Macromol

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871761/

Yao C et al.. Inhibition of voltage-dependent anion channel 1 aggregation protects pancreatic beta-cell mitochondria from glucose toxicity.. Int J Biol Macromol. 2026. PMID:41871761.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Citrate-enabled process intensification reinforces energy and redox metabolism for sustainable bioproduction using Corynebacterium glutamicum. ↗

PMID 41871697 ↗

Journal Bioresour Technol

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871697/

Park K et al.. Citrate-enabled process intensification reinforces energy and redox metabolism for sustainable bioproduction using Corynebacterium glutamicum.. Bioresour Technol. 2026. PMID:41871697.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
A novel lactic acid bacterium, Sporolactobacillus sp. LBM15018, enhances the growth and caproate fermentation capacity of Caproicibacterium lactatifermentans through interspecies cross-feeding. ↗

PMID 41871695 ↗

Journal Bioresour Technol

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871695/

Zhang L et al.. A novel lactic acid bacterium, Sporolactobacillus sp. LBM15018, enhances the growth and caproate fermentation capacity of Caproicibacterium lactatifermentans through interspecies cross-feeding.. Bioresour Technol. 2026. PMID:41871695.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Genetic Selection for High Body Weight Reshapes Gastrointestinal Structure and Microbiota in Lueyang Black-Boned Chickens. ↗

PMID 41871607 ↗

Journal J Anim Sci

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871607/

Zhang F et al.. Genetic Selection for High Body Weight Reshapes Gastrointestinal Structure and Microbiota in Lueyang Black-Boned Chickens.. J Anim Sci. 2026. PMID:41871607.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Pancreas Size and Fat Content Increase during Pregnancy and Correlate with Glycemic Control. ↗

PMID 41871597 ↗

Journal Am J Perinatol

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871597/

Widen EM et al.. Pancreas Size and Fat Content Increase during Pregnancy and Correlate with Glycemic Control.. Am J Perinatol. 2026. PMID:41871597.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Non-ketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea as the first manifestation of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in an elderly patient. ↗

PMID 41871537 ↗

Journal Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871537/

Sharudin MS et al.. Non-ketotic hyperglycaemic hemichorea as the first manifestation of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in an elderly patient.. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab Case Rep. 2026. PMID:41871537.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Real-World Follow-Up of People With Type 2 Diabetes Using a Mobile Diabetes App With Connected Glucose Meters Finds Improvements in Glycemia Are… ↗

PMID 41871528 ↗

Journal J Diabetes Sci Technol

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871528/

Grady M et al.. Real-World Follow-Up of People With Type 2 Diabetes Using a Mobile Diabetes App With Connected Glucose Meters Finds Improvements in Glycemia Are Durable Over 5 Years.. J Diabetes Sci Technol. 2026. PMID:41871528.
Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOW
Synergistic effects of high hydrostatic pressure and catechin on the physicochemical, structural, and digestive characteristics of whole chestnut powder. ↗

PMID 41871499 ↗

Journal Food Chem

Year 2026

Study type Observational / other

Evidence strength LOW evidence

PubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41871499/

Wang R et al.. Synergistic effects of high hydrostatic pressure and catechin on the physicochemical, structural, and digestive characteristics of whole chestnut powder.. Food Chem. 2026. PMID:41871499.

Q × L × D × S × 10 = 2.5 / 10

The GIRI Score is the product of four independently computed evidence components, each normalised to 0–1, then scaled to 0–10. Every component is derived exclusively from peer-reviewed references and regulatory data — no editorial judgement is applied.

0 of 10 approved references (score saturates at 10). More peer-reviewed studies = stronger evidence base.

Method: Q = number of approved references ÷ 10 (capped at 1.0)

50%

Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies

Method: L = mean study-level weight across approved references. Level 1 (meta-analysis / systematic review) = 1.0; Level 2 (RCT) = 0.8; Level 3 (cohort/case-control) = 0.6; Level 4 (case report) = 0.4; Level 5 (animal / in-vitro) = 0.2.

Benefit

Risk

50%

Mixed or neutral — roughly equal benefit and risk signals

Method: D = (sum of risk-scored references − sum of benefit-scored references) ÷ total evidence score, then scaled from [−1, 1] to [0, 1]. 0.0 = pure benefit; 0.5 = neutral; 1.0 = pure risk.

50%

One or more monitoring-level safety signals active

Method: S = 0.5 (neutral baseline) + sum of active signal severity deltas ÷ 10. Severity deltas: Critical = +2.0, High = +1.5, Moderate = +1.0, Low = +0.5. Capped at 1.0.

0Q × 5L × 5D × 5S = 2.5 / 10

Final GIRI Score for Glucose. Risk level thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.

Full methodology & data sources

The GIRI Score is computed entirely from structured data — no editorial scoring or subjective weighting is applied at any step.

References: Only approved references are counted. Each reference is assigned an evidence level (L1–L5) and a direction (risk / neutral / benefit) by the reference manager or AI classifier.
Safety Signals: Sourced from regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others) and pharmacovigilance databases. Only active signals count toward the score.
Formula version: GIRI Score v3.7.0 — Q × L × D × S × 10.
Limitations: The score reflects published evidence and recorded signals as of the last update date. It is not a clinical risk assessment and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional.

LOW RISK 2.5/10

Based on available regulatory signals and scientific evidence, this ingredient presents a low safety concern under normal conditions of use.

LOW
0–3.0

MODERATE
3.0–5.5

HIGH
5.5–7.5

CRITICAL
7.5–10

2.5

The score pin shows exactly where this ingredient falls on the fixed risk scale.

What drove the Low classification for Glucose

A score of 2.5 places this ingredient in the Low band. Thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.

0 approved references.

Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies (Level 4–5).

Neutral or mixed — benefit and risk signals roughly balanced.

No active signals — S component is at neutral baseline (0.5), contributing no extra risk weight.

No major regulatory restrictions or advisories recorded across monitored jurisdictions (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others).

How are the Low / Moderate / High / Critical thresholds defined?

The four risk levels are fixed score bands. A score is assigned to exactly one level based on where it falls:

Level	Score	Meaning
LOW	0.0 – 2.9	Sparse or predominantly beneficial evidence. No active safety alerts.
MODERATE	3.0 – 5.4	Mixed signals — some risk alongside benefit. Caution at high doses or in sensitive groups.
HIGH	5.5 – 7.4	Multiple studies or regulatory alerts documenting adverse effects. Professional oversight recommended.
CRITICAL	7.5 – 10	Regulatory restrictions in one or more major jurisdictions. Serious documented harm. Avoid without specialist supervision.

Thresholds are fixed constants (GIRI_Score_Utils::LEVEL_THRESHOLDS). They do not change per ingredient and are never subject to editorial adjustment.

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Glucose

Safety Profile

Known Safety Concerns

Contraindications

Interactions

Evidence and Scientific Findings

Ingredient Overview

Biological and Chemical Classification

Mechanism of Action

Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness

Pharmacokinetics

Recommended Dosage

SETI — Scientific Evidence Transparency Index

Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment

Evidence Summary

Evidence Policy

Evidence Distribution

Score Transparency

Risk Level Classification

What drove the Low classification for Glucose

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