Safety Profile
Known Safety Concerns
- Warfarin interaction -- multiple case reports of elevated INR
- High oxalate content -- kidney stone risk in predisposed individuals
- May interfere with P-glycoprotein drug transporter
- Mixed clinical evidence for UTI prevention efficacy
Contraindications
- Warfarin interaction -- multiple case reports of elevated INR
- High oxalate content -- kidney stone risk in predisposed individuals
Interactions
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Evidence and Scientific Findings
Ingredient Overview
Cranberry extract is used for UTI prevention. Clinical evidence is mixed — a 2012 Cochrane review showed modest benefit in recurrent UTI prevention. The primary safety concern is interaction with warfarin — multiple case reports of significantly elevated INR with regular cranberry juice/extract consumption.
Biological and Chemical Classification
- Scientific Name
- Vaccinium macrocarpon fruit extract
Mechanism of Action
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Clinical Evidence of Effectiveness
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Pharmacokinetics
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
Recommended Dosage
Information not yet available for this ingredient profile.
SETI — Scientific Evidence Transparency Index
Executive Summary — Ingredient Assessment
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or RCT)
- Main clinical benefit observed: Botanical
- Evidence consistency: High consistency across studies (100%)
- Warfarin interaction -- multiple case reports of elevated INR
- High oxalate content -- kidney stone risk in predisposed individuals
- May interfere with P-glycoprotein drug transporter
- Mixed clinical evidence for UTI prevention efficacy
The available scientific evidence for Cranberry Extract indicates notable safety signals that warrant caution. Use should be considered carefully and monitored, particularly in sensitive populations or alongside other medications.
Total SETI Score
High risk| Evidence quality | 10/40 |
| Evidence consistency | 20/20 |
| Safety signals | 0/20 |
| Study recency | 10/10 |
| Evidence transparency | 10/10 |
Evidence Summary
- 10 studies reviewed
- 0 high-quality studies (meta-analysis or systematic review)
- 0 studies identified benefits or no safety concern (GREEN)
- 10 studies reported limited or advisory safety evidence (YELLOW)
Evidence Policy
Only peer-reviewed scientific literature indexed in PubMed or comparable databases is included in this evaluation. Commercial websites, blogs, and marketing materials are excluded. All references include direct traceable links to source documents.
Last updated: 25 მარ 2026, 12:53
Evidence Distribution
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWCranberry extract-supplemented microbiota effluents enhance intestinal barrier integrity via mucin production and antimicrobial activity in murine organoids. ↗Cattero V et al.. Cranberry extract-supplemented microbiota effluents enhance intestinal barrier integrity via mucin production and antimicrobial activity in murine organoids.. Sci Rep. 2026. PMID:41680408.PMID 41680408 ↗Journal Sci RepYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41680408/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWEffectiveness of Cranberry Supplementation for Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Urinary Tract Disease in Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review. ↗Weese JS et al.. Effectiveness of Cranberry Supplementation for Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Urinary Tract Disease in Dogs and Cats: A Systematic Review.. J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2026. PMID:41676867.PMID 41676867 ↗Journal J Vet Pharmacol TherYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41676867/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWEffects of a Cranberry, Probiotic, and Vitamin C Supplement on Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections inu00a0Children-A Cohort Study. ↗Dotis J et al.. Effects of a Cranberry, Probiotic, and Vitamin C Supplement on Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections inu00a0Children-A Cohort Study.. J Diet Suppl. 2026. PMID:41521860.PMID 41521860 ↗Journal J Diet SupplYear 2026Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41521860/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWExploring the Benefits of Cranberries in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review. ↗Manso IS et al.. Exploring the Benefits of Cranberries in Dentistry: A Comprehensive Review.. Biomedicines. 2025. PMID:41595621.PMID 41595621 ↗Journal BiomedicinesYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41595621/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWThe natural polyphenol proanthocyanidin A2 prevents the in vitro infection of Ebola virus and rabies virus by interfering with the early phases… ↗Pasqual D et al.. The natural polyphenol proanthocyanidin A2 prevents the in vitro infection of Ebola virus and rabies virus by interfering with the early phases of the replication cycle.. Antiviral Res. 2025. PMID:41274418.PMID 41274418 ↗Journal Antiviral ResYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41274418/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWGut microbiota therapy for chronic kidney disease. ↗Liu C et al.. Gut microbiota therapy for chronic kidney disease.. Front Immunol. 2025. PMID:41000396.PMID 41000396 ↗Journal Front ImmunolYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41000396/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWCranberry improves metabolic syndrome-related organ dysfunction in rats by modulating AMPK/SREBP1, ROCK1 and TGF-u03b21. ↗Elashmony SM et al.. Cranberry improves metabolic syndrome-related organ dysfunction in rats by modulating AMPK/SREBP1, ROCK1 and TGF-u03b21.. Sci Rep. 2025. PMID:40954151.PMID 40954151 ↗Journal Sci RepYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40954151/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWCranberry extract attenuates indomethacin-induced gastriculcer in rats via its potential atioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. ↗Abdul-Majeed ZM et al.. Cranberry extract attenuates indomethacin-induced gastriculcer in rats via its potential atioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.. J Mol Histol. 2025. PMID:40576835.PMID 40576835 ↗Journal J Mol HistolYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40576835/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWThe potential effects of cranberry extract on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats. ↗Abdul-Majeed Z et al.. The potential effects of cranberry extract on indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer in rats.. F1000Res. 2025. PMID:40469801.PMID 40469801 ↗Journal F1000ResYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40469801/
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Observational / other LOW evidence YELLOWComparative Assessment of Efficacy of Cranberry Extract Mouthwash and Fluoride Mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans Count as an Adjunct to Conventional Caries Management… ↗Agrawal A et al.. Comparative Assessment of Efficacy of Cranberry Extract Mouthwash and Fluoride Mouthwash on Streptococcus mutans Count as an Adjunct to Conventional Caries Management among 6-12-year-old Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial.. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2025. PMID:40417439.PMID 40417439 ↗Journal Int J Clin Pediatr DentYear 2025Study type Observational / otherEvidence strength LOW evidencePubMed link https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40417439/
Score Transparency
0 of 10 approved references (score saturates at 10). More peer-reviewed studies = stronger evidence base.
Method: Q = number of approved references ÷ 10 (capped at 1.0)
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies
Method: L = mean study-level weight across approved references. Level 1 (meta-analysis / systematic review) = 1.0; Level 2 (RCT) = 0.8; Level 3 (cohort/case-control) = 0.6; Level 4 (case report) = 0.4; Level 5 (animal / in-vitro) = 0.2.
Mixed or neutral — roughly equal benefit and risk signals
Method: D = (sum of risk-scored references − sum of benefit-scored references) ÷ total evidence score, then scaled from [−1, 1] to [0, 1]. 0.0 = pure benefit; 0.5 = neutral; 1.0 = pure risk.
One or more monitoring-level safety signals active
Method: S = 0.5 (neutral baseline) + sum of active signal severity deltas ÷ 10. Severity deltas: Critical = +2.0, High = +1.5, Moderate = +1.0, Low = +0.5. Capped at 1.0.
Final GIRI Score for Cranberry Extract. Risk level thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
Full methodology & data sources
The GIRI Score is computed entirely from structured data — no editorial scoring or subjective weighting is applied at any step.
- References: Only approved references are counted. Each reference is assigned an evidence level (L1–L5) and a direction (risk / neutral / benefit) by the reference manager or AI classifier.
- Safety Signals: Sourced from regulatory agencies (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others) and pharmacovigilance databases. Only active signals count toward the score.
- Formula version: GIRI Score v3.7.0 — Q × L × D × S × 10.
- Limitations: The score reflects published evidence and recorded signals as of the last update date. It is not a clinical risk assessment and should not replace advice from a qualified healthcare professional.
Risk Level Classification
Based on available regulatory signals and scientific evidence, this ingredient presents a low safety concern under normal conditions of use.
0–3.0
3.0–5.5
5.5–7.5
7.5–10
The score pin shows exactly where this ingredient falls on the fixed risk scale.
What drove the Low classification for Cranberry Extract
A score of 3.5 places this ingredient in the Low band. Thresholds: Low 0–3.0 · Moderate 3.0–5.5 · High 5.5–7.5 · Critical 7.5–10.
0 approved references.
Limited — mostly case reports or animal studies (Level 4–5).
Neutral or mixed — benefit and risk signals roughly balanced.
No active signals — S component is at neutral baseline (0.5), contributing no extra risk weight.
No major regulatory restrictions or advisories recorded across monitored jurisdictions (FDA, EMA, Health Canada, TGA, and others).
How are the Low / Moderate / High / Critical thresholds defined?
The four risk levels are fixed score bands. A score is assigned to exactly one level based on where it falls:
| Level | Score | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| LOW | 0.0 – 2.9 | Sparse or predominantly beneficial evidence. No active safety alerts. |
| MODERATE | 3.0 – 5.4 | Mixed signals — some risk alongside benefit. Caution at high doses or in sensitive groups. |
| HIGH | 5.5 – 7.4 | Multiple studies or regulatory alerts documenting adverse effects. Professional oversight recommended. |
| CRITICAL | 7.5 – 10 | Regulatory restrictions in one or more major jurisdictions. Serious documented harm. Avoid without specialist supervision. |
Thresholds are fixed constants (GIRI_Score_Utils::LEVEL_THRESHOLDS). They do not change per ingredient and are never subject to editorial adjustment.